init

Cargo.lock

@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@ checksum = "829d955a0bb380ef178a640b91779e3987da38c9aea133b20614cfed8cdea9c6"
 dependencies = [
  "bitflags",
  "crossterm_winapi",
+ "futures-core",
  "mio",
  "parking_lot",
  "rustix",
@@ -153,6 +154,95 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "futures"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "645c6916888f6cb6350d2550b80fb63e734897a8498abe35cfb732b6487804b0"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-executor",
+ "futures-io",
+ "futures-sink",
+ "futures-task",
+ "futures-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-channel"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "eac8f7d7865dcb88bd4373ab671c8cf4508703796caa2b1985a9ca867b3fcb78"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-sink",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-core"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "dfc6580bb841c5a68e9ef15c77ccc837b40a7504914d52e47b8b0e9bbda25a1d"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-executor"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a576fc72ae164fca6b9db127eaa9a9dda0d61316034f33a0a0d4eda41f02b01d"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-task",
+ "futures-util",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-io"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a44623e20b9681a318efdd71c299b6b222ed6f231972bfe2f224ebad6311f0c1"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-macro"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "87750cf4b7a4c0625b1529e4c543c2182106e4dedc60a2a6455e00d212c489ac"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-sink"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9fb8e00e87438d937621c1c6269e53f536c14d3fbd6a042bb24879e57d474fb5"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-task"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "38d84fa142264698cdce1a9f9172cf383a0c82de1bddcf3092901442c4097004"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "futures-util"
+version = "0.3.30"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3d6401deb83407ab3da39eba7e33987a73c3df0c82b4bb5813ee871c19c41d48"
+dependencies = [
+ "futures-channel",
+ "futures-core",
+ "futures-io",
+ "futures-macro",
+ "futures-sink",
+ "futures-task",
+ "memchr",
+ "pin-project-lite",
+ "pin-utils",
+ "slab",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "gimli"
 version = "0.31.0"
@@ -336,6 +426,12 @@ version = "0.2.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "bda66fc9667c18cb2758a2ac84d1167245054bcf85d5d1aaa6923f45801bdd02"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pin-utils"
+version = "0.1.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8b870d8c151b6f2fb93e84a13146138f05d02ed11c7e7c54f8826aaaf7c9f184"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "powerfmt"
 version = "0.2.0"
@@ -478,6 +574,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "slab"
+version = "0.4.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8f92a496fb766b417c996b9c5e57daf2f7ad3b0bebe1ccfca4856390e3d3bb67"
+dependencies = [
+ "autocfg",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
 version = "1.13.2"
@@ -538,6 +643,7 @@ name = "tethers"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
  "crossterm",
+ "futures",
  "ratatui",
  "tokio",
 ]

Cargo.toml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 # See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
 
 [dependencies]
-crossterm = "0.28.1"
+crossterm = { version = "0.28.1", features = ["event-stream"] }
+futures = "0.3.30"
 ratatui = { version = "0.28.1", features = ["all-widgets"] }
 tokio = { version = "1.40.0", features = ["full"] }

src/app.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+use std::error;
+
+/// Application result type.
+pub type AppResult<T> = std::result::Result<T, Box<dyn error::Error>>;
+
+/// Application.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct App {
+    /// Is the application running?
+    pub running: bool,
+    /// counter
+    pub counter: u8,
+}
+
+impl Default for App {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            running: true,
+            counter: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl App {
+    /// Constructs a new instance of [`App`].
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    /// Handles the tick event of the terminal.
+    pub fn tick(&self) {}
+
+    /// Set running to false to quit the application.
+    pub fn quit(&mut self) {
+        self.running = false;
+    }
+
+    pub fn increment_counter(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(res) = self.counter.checked_add(1) {
+            self.counter = res;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn decrement_counter(&mut self) {
+        if let Some(res) = self.counter.checked_sub(1) {
+            self.counter = res;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/component.rs

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-use ratatui::widgets::Widget;
-
-
-pub trait Component {
-    fn render(&self) -> Box<dyn Widget>;
-}

src/component/input.rs

@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-
-
-pub struct Input {
-    value: String,
-}
-
-impl Input {
-    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        Self { value: String::new() }
-    }
-
-    pub fn value(&self) -> &str {
-        &self.value
-    }
-
-}

src/event.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+use crossterm::event::{Event as CrosstermEvent, KeyEvent, MouseEvent};
+use futures::{FutureExt, StreamExt};
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
+
+use crate::app::AppResult;
+
+/// Terminal events.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub enum Event {
+    /// Terminal tick.
+    Tick,
+    /// Key press.
+    Key(KeyEvent),
+    /// Mouse click/scroll.
+    Mouse(MouseEvent),
+    /// Terminal resize.
+    Resize(u16, u16),
+}
+
+/// Terminal event handler.
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct EventHandler {
+    /// Event sender channel.
+    sender: mpsc::UnboundedSender<Event>,
+    /// Event receiver channel.
+    receiver: mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Event>,
+    /// Event handler thread.
+    handler: tokio::task::JoinHandle<()>,
+}
+
+impl EventHandler {
+    /// Constructs a new instance of [`EventHandler`].
+    pub fn new(tick_rate: u64) -> Self {
+        let tick_rate = Duration::from_millis(tick_rate);
+        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
+        let _sender = sender.clone();
+        let handler = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut reader = crossterm::event::EventStream::new();
+            let mut tick = tokio::time::interval(tick_rate);
+            loop {
+                let tick_delay = tick.tick();
+                let crossterm_event = reader.next().fuse();
+                tokio::select! {
+                  _ = _sender.closed() => {
+                    break;
+                  }
+                  _ = tick_delay => {
+                    _sender.send(Event::Tick).unwrap();
+                  }
+                  Some(Ok(evt)) = crossterm_event => {
+                    match evt {
+                      CrosstermEvent::Key(key) => {
+                        if key.kind == crossterm::event::KeyEventKind::Press {
+                          _sender.send(Event::Key(key)).unwrap();
+                        }
+                      },
+                      CrosstermEvent::Mouse(mouse) => {
+                        _sender.send(Event::Mouse(mouse)).unwrap();
+                      },
+                      CrosstermEvent::Resize(x, y) => {
+                        _sender.send(Event::Resize(x, y)).unwrap();
+                      },
+                      CrosstermEvent::FocusLost => {
+                      },
+                      CrosstermEvent::FocusGained => {
+                      },
+                      CrosstermEvent::Paste(_) => {
+                      },
+                    }
+                  }
+                };
+            }
+        });
+        Self {
+            sender,
+            receiver,
+            handler,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Receive the next event from the handler thread.
+    ///
+    /// This function will always block the current thread if
+    /// there is no data available and it's possible for more data to be sent.
+    pub async fn next(&mut self) -> AppResult<Event> {
+        self.receiver
+            .recv()
+            .await
+            .ok_or(Box::new(std::io::Error::new(
+                std::io::ErrorKind::Other,
+                "This is an IO error",
+            )))
+    }
+}

src/handler.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+use crate::app::{App, AppResult};
+use crossterm::event::{KeyCode, KeyEvent, KeyModifiers};
+
+/// Handles the key events and updates the state of [`App`].
+pub fn handle_key_events(key_event: KeyEvent, app: &mut App) -> AppResult<()> {
+    match key_event.code {
+        // Exit application on `ESC` or `q`
+        KeyCode::Esc | KeyCode::Char('q') => {
+            app.quit();
+        }
+        // Exit application on `Ctrl-C`
+        KeyCode::Char('c') | KeyCode::Char('C') => {
+            if key_event.modifiers == KeyModifiers::CONTROL {
+                app.quit();
+            }
+        }
+        // Counter handlers
+        KeyCode::Right => {
+            app.increment_counter();
+        }
+        KeyCode::Left => {
+            app.decrement_counter();
+        }
+        // Other handlers you could add here.
+        _ => {}
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

src/main.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,46 @@
+use std::io;
 
-pub mod component;
+use ratatui::{backend::CrosstermBackend, Terminal};
+
+use crate::{
+    app::{App, AppResult},
+    event::{Event, EventHandler},
+    handler::handle_key_events,
+    tui::Tui,
+};
+
+pub mod app;
+pub mod event;
+pub mod handler;
+pub mod tui;
+pub mod ui;
 
 #[tokio::main]
-async fn main() {
+async fn main() -> AppResult<()> {
-    println!("Hello, world!");
+    // Create an application.
-}
+    let mut app = App::new();
+
+    // Initialize the terminal user interface.
+    let backend = CrosstermBackend::new(io::stdout());
+    let terminal = Terminal::new(backend)?;
+    let events = EventHandler::new(250);
+    let mut tui = Tui::new(terminal, events);
+    tui.init()?;
+
+    // Start the main loop.
+    while app.running {
+        // Render the user interface.
+        tui.draw(&mut app)?;
+        // Handle events.
+        match tui.events.next().await? {
+            Event::Tick => app.tick(),
+            Event::Key(key_event) => handle_key_events(key_event, &mut app)?,
+            Event::Mouse(_) => {}
+            Event::Resize(_, _) => {}
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Exit the user interface.
+    tui.exit()?;
+    Ok(())
+}

src/tui.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+use crate::app::{App, AppResult};
+use crate::event::EventHandler;
+use crate::ui;
+use crossterm::event::{DisableMouseCapture, EnableMouseCapture};
+use crossterm::terminal::{self, EnterAlternateScreen, LeaveAlternateScreen};
+use ratatui::backend::Backend;
+use ratatui::Terminal;
+use std::io;
+use std::panic;
+
+/// Representation of a terminal user interface.
+///
+/// It is responsible for setting up the terminal,
+/// initializing the interface and handling the draw events.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Tui<B: Backend> {
+    /// Interface to the Terminal.
+    terminal: Terminal<B>,
+    /// Terminal event handler.
+    pub events: EventHandler,
+}
+
+impl<B: Backend> Tui<B> {
+    /// Constructs a new instance of [`Tui`].
+    pub fn new(terminal: Terminal<B>, events: EventHandler) -> Self {
+        Self { terminal, events }
+    }
+
+    /// Initializes the terminal interface.
+    ///
+    /// It enables the raw mode and sets terminal properties.
+    pub fn init(&mut self) -> AppResult<()> {
+        terminal::enable_raw_mode()?;
+        crossterm::execute!(io::stdout(), EnterAlternateScreen, EnableMouseCapture)?;
+
+        // Define a custom panic hook to reset the terminal properties.
+        // This way, you won't have your terminal messed up if an unexpected error happens.
+        let panic_hook = panic::take_hook();
+        panic::set_hook(Box::new(move |panic| {
+            Self::reset().expect("failed to reset the terminal");
+            panic_hook(panic);
+        }));
+
+        self.terminal.hide_cursor()?;
+        self.terminal.clear()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// [`Draw`] the terminal interface by [`rendering`] the widgets.
+    ///
+    /// [`Draw`]: ratatui::Terminal::draw
+    /// [`rendering`]: crate::ui::render
+    pub fn draw(&mut self, app: &mut App) -> AppResult<()> {
+        self.terminal.draw(|frame| ui::render(app, frame))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Resets the terminal interface.
+    ///
+    /// This function is also used for the panic hook to revert
+    /// the terminal properties if unexpected errors occur.
+    fn reset() -> AppResult<()> {
+        terminal::disable_raw_mode()?;
+        crossterm::execute!(io::stdout(), LeaveAlternateScreen, DisableMouseCapture)?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Exits the terminal interface.
+    ///
+    /// It disables the raw mode and reverts back the terminal properties.
+    pub fn exit(&mut self) -> AppResult<()> {
+        Self::reset()?;
+        self.terminal.show_cursor()?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}

src/ui.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use ratatui::{
+    layout::Alignment,
+    style::{Color, Style},
+    widgets::{Block, BorderType, Paragraph},
+    Frame,
+};
+
+use crate::app::App;
+
+/// Renders the user interface widgets.
+pub fn render(app: &mut App, frame: &mut Frame) {
+    // This is where you add new widgets.
+    // See the following resources:
+    // - https://docs.rs/ratatui/latest/ratatui/widgets/index.html
+    // - https://github.com/ratatui/ratatui/tree/master/examples
+    frame.render_widget(
+        Paragraph::new(format!(
+            "This is a tui template.\n\
+                Press `Esc`, `Ctrl-C` or `q` to stop running.\n\
+                Press left and right to increment and decrement the counter respectively.\n\
+                Counter: {}",
+            app.counter
+        ))
+        .block(
+            Block::bordered()
+                .title("Template")
+                .title_alignment(Alignment::Center)
+                .border_type(BorderType::Rounded),
+        )
+        .style(Style::default().fg(Color::Cyan).bg(Color::Black))
+        .centered(),
+        frame.area(),
+    )
+}